Wednesday, January 16, 2013

Whiskey or Whisky, That is the Question

By Peter Allon


Question. Is it spelled Whiskey or Whisky? The 1st thing that should be understood is that there exist two legitimate spellings. The Scotts and Canadians spell whisky with no "e", while the Irish and Americans spell it with the "e" as in whiskey. This ought to be the first indicator that the world of whiskey is certainly a complex one. Each region has numerous variations in raw materials used, techniques in production which dictates the ultimate taste and attributes. This alone makes whiskey an interesting and enjoyable spirit.

Historically it is thought that the Irish were the first ones to make whiskey, even so the Scotts have also laid claim to being the first whisky producers. The Irish used the term "uisce beatha" or "Water of Life" in Gaelic to refer to whiskey. This implies that it was a significant part of daily life.

Both the Scottish and Irish produce whiskey much the same way, with the exception of the malting and distillation process. In Scotland the malted barley is dried in peat fired kilns. The malted barley picks up the peat flavour providing Scotch whisky its one of a kind taste. In Ireland, the malted barely is dried in closed ovens, never being exposed to the smoke. The method of mashing and fermentation is much the same for both countries. During distillation the Irish normally distill the fermented mash 3 times, which results in a very pure distillate which makes Irish whiskey exceptionally smooth. Having said that, the distillate cannot exit the still at more than 94.8% ethanol. The Scottish distill their product twice resulting in a more flavoured spirit.

In North America there's Canadian whisky and American whiskey. Each area has a numerous regional classifications such as Bourbon and Tennessee whiskies. Each product in North America is unique and is also regulated via the government. Canadian whisky is the top imported spirit into the U . S . and is second in consumption only to vodka.

American whiskey has a wide range of regulations depending on the definition of the product being made. For example, Bourbon has to be made out of fermented mash of not less than 51% corn. If it uses greater than 79% corn in the mash it's regarded as Corn whiskey. Bourbon can't be distilled to a proof higher than 160. It also needs to be matured in new oak barrels at a proof of 125 or less. Blended American whiskey has to be produced from no less than 20% whiskey aged 2 or more yrs with the balance made from unaged neutral spirit. American corn whiskey has to be crafted from a minimum of 80% corn in the mash. Tennessee whiskey follows identical regulations as bourbon. However, it is charcoal filtered via a technique known as the "Lincoln County Process." Consequently, it won't qualify as a bourbon.

Canadian whisky must be aged a minimum of three years. However, the Canadian government allows the expertise of the distiller to define the characteristics of the final product. This means are not any limits on distillation proof or barrel aging requirements. Any Canadian whisky which is aged for less than 4 years will need to have the age listed on the bottle. Almost all Canadian whisky is aged for 6 or more years. Canadian whisky is usually a blended spirit. The expression "blended" signifies that the final product is built from a number of various distilled products. As an example, a Canadian whisky could be composed of corn, barely, wheat and rye whisky that have been aged in neutral (used) or new oak barrels. Some Canadian producers combine all the grains in one tank and ferment them together. Following that they will distill, pre-blend and age the blend. Other producers ferment each grain mash individually followed by distillation and aging. The final products will be blended to make the final product. Most Canadian whisky is twice distilled.




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